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“逐梦百年，科技领航”——“两弹一星”建功勋
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<li class="zhengwen"><a href="/Information/rwgd/News/3350/335062.htm">正文</a></li>
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<li>2021/6/29 15:30:35</li>
<li>类型：原?/li>
<li>来源?span>电脑?/span></li>
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【电脑报在线】落后就要挨打，这是我们不会忘记，更不能忘记的历史教训?
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<p><strong><span style="font-family:仿宋;"><img src="http://www.earthloveskin.com/pic/DNBPIC/jia/40/1.png" alt="" /><br /></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family:仿宋;"><br /></span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>从藐视“纸老虎”到筹划原子?/strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> </span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>落后就要挨打，这是我们不会忘记，更不能忘记的历史教训。建国初期，西方列强不愿承认新中国，更不想看到，一个强大的中国在东方崛起?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1945??日?日，美国在日本广岛和长崎分别投下原子弹。一贯否定“唯武器论”的毛泽东指出，原子弹是纸老虎，这句话，他在延安的窑洞前讲过，后来又讲到了北京、讲到了莫斯科?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>中国不怕原子弹，中国反对原子弹。但严峻的国际形势也使中国的领导人不得不考虑研制自己的原子弹?/span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1954?0月，在中苏两国政府进行高级会谈时，中方提出原子能事业援助的问题。同月，毛泽东还得知在广西省富钟县发现了铀矿。苏联的援助和铀矿的发现给了毛泽东发展中国原子能事业的极大信心和鼓励?span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1955??5日，毛泽东主持召开了中央书记处扩大会议听取李四光、钱三强等科学家关于原子能的汇报，做出了创建原子能事业的战略决策?/span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>自力更生的创业之?/strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1956年在周恩来、陈毅、李富春、聂荣臻的主持下，制订了?956?967年科学技术发展远景规划纲要》?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>中国共产党第一代领导集体高瞻远瞩、审时度势，不等条件完全具备，就果断提出发展两弹一星的战略决策。为实现中华民族的强国梦想，描绘了一张宏伟壮丽的蓝图?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>新中国成立后，党和政府很快把已经归国的为数不多的专家组织起来，组建了专门的科研机构，同时千方百计精心安排，帮助在海外渴望回国的专家学者尽快地回到祖国的怀抱?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>其中许多专家成为中国两弹一星事业的奠基者和带头人。李四光、赵忠尧、彭怀武、邓稼先、钱学森、程开甲等著名学者在党的关怀和努力下先后顺利回国?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1958年，中央军委决定在甘肃酒泉设立特种工程指挥部，建设导弹试验靶场?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>历史注定了我们的事业，只能走独立自主自力更生的路，一个贫穷落后的国家要实现现代化，除了艰苦奋斗，我们别无选择?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>中华民族的凝聚力和创造力，又一次在最危难的关头，闪耀出最灿烂的光彩，最困难的年代，却是实验室灯光最明亮的年代；最饥饿的年代，却是创业者歌声最嘹亮的年代?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>人们称誉，这是两弹一星创业史上的黄金时代?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1964?0?6?5时，中国第一颗原子弹爆发出惊天动地的巨响。中国这个世界上最先发明火药的民族，这个在共产党领导下站立起来的民族，终于用现代科学的雷霆，证明了自己强大的生命力和创造力?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>超级大国一直把氢弹技术作为核威胁的主要手段严加保密，我国的氢弹技术完全是靠自己的科学家在一片空白中艰苦探索?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1965?月，被人称为国产专家一号的于敏率领一批科研人员提出了氢弹的“于敏构型”理论?967??7日上??0分，我国第一颗氢弹爆炸成功了?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>从第一颗原子弹爆炸到第一颗氢弹爆炸，美国用了七年零三个月，苏联用了四年，英国用了四年零七个月，我国只用了两年多时间?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>中国是古代火箭的故乡，毛主席1958年发出“我们也要搞人造卫星”的号召后，中国科学院把研制人造卫星列为第一项重点任务，成立了以钱学森为组长?81任务领导小组，开展有关空间技术的研发工作?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1970??4日凌晨，毛主席批准发射的第一颗人造卫星上天，卫星上天的喜讯传遍全国，大家一片欢腾，中国成为世界上第五个能发射卫星的国家，中华民族千百年来的飞天梦想终于变成了现实?/span></p><p align="justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>两弹一星的成功，培养和造就了一支具有较高水平和优良作风的科技队伍，促进了国家科技进步和现代工业的发展?/span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> <img src="http://www.earthloveskin.com/pic/DNBPIC/jia/40/2.png" alt="" /></span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><strong>两弹一星的战略意义 </strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>东方红一号发射成?，使中国成为继苏联、美国、法国、日本之后，世界上第五个能独立发射人造地球卫星的国家。从此之后，中国的国防科技工业不断发展壮大?/span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>正如邓小平同志曾经指出的那样：“如果六十年代以来中国没有原子弹、氢弹，没有发射卫星，中国就不能叫有重要影响的大国，就没有这样的国际地位。这些东西反映一个民族的能力，也是一个民族、一个国家兴旺发达的标志。?/span></p><p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1999??8日，在中华人民共和国成立五十周年之际，党中央、国务院、中央军委隆重表彰为我国“两弹一星”事业作出突出贡献的23位科技专家，并授予他们“两弹一星功勋奖章”?/span></p><p> </p>
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